IPV4
IP ADDRESS
An IP address basically a 32-bit address that uniquely universally defines the connection of a host or a router to the Internet. The IP address is unique. Introduced by IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority). 32 bit is divided into 4 equal parts of 8-8 bits separated by dotted decimal notation. It is in the range of a minimum of 0.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.255. Each 8-bit group is known by OCTET.
IP has five different classes differentiated by characteristics.
Class-A ranges from 0 to 127
Class-B ranges from 128 to 191
Class-C ranges from 192 to 223
Class-D ranges from 224 to 239
Class-E ranges from 240 to 255
First Octet is defined as the class of particular IP e.g. - 128.11.3.31 is followed in class –B 127.0.0.0 to 127.255.255.255 is a range of look back IP.
CLASS A
Class-A This IP ranges from 0 to 126 Decimal value in the first octet. And 1st octet defines the network part and the remaining three octet defines the Host part. It patterns like this NHHH (N-Network; H- Host). The First 8bits define the network and the remaining 24 bits define host parts. It has the highest nos. of address 231.which is about 16,277,216. Lie between 10.1.1.1 to 126.255.255.255
Class B This IP ranges from 128 to 191 Decimal value in the first octet. And 1st two-bit defines the network part and the remaining two-octet defines the Host part. It patterns like this NNHH (N-Network; H-Host). The first 16 bits define the network and the remaining 16 bits define host parts. It has the highest nos. of address 230.which is about 65,536. IP ranges from 128.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255.
CLASS C
Class C This IP ranges from 192 to 223 Decimal value in the first octet. And 1st three-bit defines the network part and the remaining one octet defines the Host part. It patterns like this NNNH (N-Network; H-Host). The first 24 bits define the network and the remaining 8 bits define host parts. It has a highest nos. of address 229.which is about 53,68,70,912 IP ranges from 192.168.0.0 to 223.255.255.0.
Class-D This IP ranges from 224 to 239 Decimal value in the first octet. It is not usually used in general applications. It is used in Special-purpose applications known as Multicast
CLASS E
Class-E This IP ranges from 240 to 255 Decimal value in the first octet. It is not usually used in general applications. It is a reserved range of IP by the R & D (Research and Development) department. Usually, Class-A to C is supported by PC, and Class-D and E are not supported.
IPV6
An IP address basically a 128-bit address that uniquely universally defines the connection of a host or a router to the Internet.
The IP address is unique. Introduced by IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority).
A total of 4,294,967,296 unique IP addresses can be assigned to hosts.
IP is like 2001:db8:1234::f350:2256:f3dd/64 It supports Unicast.
Telecast & Multicast. It doesn’t have Classes like ipv4